How Do Diuretics Work?: Diuretics signal the kidneys to increase the excretion of sodium (salt) and water from the body. This decreases your blood pressure by reducing the volume of blood in your arteries. Diuretics are commonly prescribed and have been in use for a long time.

Who May be Prescribed Diuretics: If you have high blood pressure and tend to retain fluid. If you tend to have swollen feet or hands. If you are in congestive heart failure.

What are Common Diuretics: Diuretics can be either potassium sparing or potassium depleting. One of the most commonly prescribed diuretic pills is called hydrochlorothiazide. It is also called HydroDiuril® or Microzide®. This is a potassium sparing diuretic. Other common diuretics are acetazolamide or Diamox® and furosemide or Lasix® a loop diuretic. These are both potassium depleting diuretics.

Cautions: Patients allergic to sulfa may also be allergic to furosemide (Lasix). Potassium is a mineral that is very important for your heart, so your doctor will monitor your potassium levels. If you are taking potassium depleting diuretics you should increase the amount of potassium in your diet. Bananas are a rich source of potassium.

Side Effects: Side effects include increased frequency of urination; low blood pressure; reduced or elevated potassium levels; weakness; leg cramps; fatigue; longterm use may cause gout; those with diabetes may have increased blood sugar levels.